Dog bites are more common than many people realize — and they can lead to serious injuries, infections, scarring, and long‑term trauma. California has some of the strongest dog bite protections in the country, including a strict liability law that holds dog owners responsible for most attacks, even if the dog has never shown aggression before.
According to the California Civil Code §3342, dog owners are liable when their dog bites someone in a public place or lawfully on private property. This means victims do not need to prove negligence — only that the bite occurred.
This guide explains how California dog bite laws work, who may be responsible, and what steps to take after an attack.
California’s Strict Liability Dog Bite Law
California is one of the few states with a strict liability statute for dog bites. Under Civil Code §3342, a dog owner is responsible for injuries if:
- The dog bit the victim
- The victim was in a public place or lawfully on private property
- The victim did not provoke the dog
Unlike other states, California does not require proof that the dog had a history of aggression.
What Strict Liability Means
- The owner is responsible even if the dog never bit anyone before
- The owner is responsible even if they took precautions
- The owner is responsible even if they claim they didn’t know the dog was dangerous
This makes dog bite claims more straightforward than many other personal injury cases.
Common Injuries From Dog Bites
Dog attacks can cause a wide range of injuries, including:
- Puncture wounds
- Lacerations and deep cuts
- Infections (including MRSA and rabies concerns)
- Nerve damage
- Scarring and disfigurement
- Broken bones
- Psychological trauma (especially in children)
Medical treatment is essential, even for minor bites, because infections can develop quickly.
When Landlords or Property Owners May Be Liable
While dog owners are usually responsible, landlords may also be liable if:
- They knew the dog was dangerous
- They had the ability to remove or control the dog
- They failed to take reasonable steps to prevent harm
Landlord liability is more limited than owner liability, but it can apply in cases involving repeated complaints or known aggressive behavior.
What to Do After a Dog Bite in California
Taking the right steps early can protect your health and strengthen your legal claim.
1. Seek Medical Attention Immediately
Dog bites can lead to infections, nerve damage, and scarring.
2. Identify the Dog and Owner
Get the owner’s name, address, and vaccination records.
3. Report the Bite
File a report with your local animal control agency. This creates official documentation.
4. Take Photos and Gather Evidence
Document injuries, the dog, the location, and any witnesses.
5. Avoid Speaking With Insurance Adjusters Alone
Dog bite claims often involve homeowners or renters insurance.
6. Contact a Personal Injury Attorney
An attorney can help you navigate strict liability rules and pursue full compensation.
You can learn more about your rights by visiting Infinity Law Group’s Personal Injury page.
Compensation Available in Dog Bite Cases
Victims may be entitled to compensation for:
- Medical bills
- Future treatment and scar revision
- Lost wages
- Pain and suffering
- Emotional distress
- Permanent disability or disfigurement
Children often receive higher compensation due to long‑term psychological impact and scarring.
Defenses Dog Owners May Raise
Although strict liability applies, owners sometimes argue:
- The victim provoked the dog
- The victim was trespassing
- The dog was protecting its owner from a threat
These defenses do not always succeed, but they can affect the outcome of a claim.
Frequently Asked Questions
Do I need to prove the dog was dangerous?
No. California’s strict liability law does not require proof of prior aggression.
What if the dog didn’t bite but caused injury another way?
Strict liability applies only to bites, but negligence claims may still be possible.
Can I sue if I was bitten at a friend’s house?
Yes — claims are typically handled through homeowners or renters insurance.
How long do I have to file a dog bite claim?
Most claims must be filed within two years, but earlier action is recommended.
Conclusion
Dog bites can cause serious physical and emotional harm, but California law provides strong protections for victims. Understanding strict liability, documenting the incident, and seeking legal guidance can help you recover the compensation you deserve.
If you or a loved one was bitten by a dog, the attorneys at Infinity Law Group are here to help. Contact us through our online form for a confidential consultation.
